R Factors

What are Factors?

Factors represent categorical data in R.

They store values as levels (categories).

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Output:

Viewing Levels

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Output:

Factor Structure

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Creating Factors with Levels

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Ordered Factors

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Sorting Factors

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Using Factors in Data Frames

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Changing Levels

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Full Example

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Why Factors are Important

Represent categorical data
Used in statistics
Improve performance
Required for modeling

Common Mistakes

Treating factors like strings
Not defining levels
Ignoring ordering

Practice

Create a factor for grades, define levels, and sort it.

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