C++ Encapsulation

What is Encapsulation?

Encapsulation means hiding data and controlling access to it.

Instead of directly accessing variables, we use functions to safely modify them.

Without Encapsulation (Bad Practice)

Public variables can be modified incorrectly.

Using Encapsulation

Use private variables and public methods.

Getters and Setters

Getters return values, setters modify values safely.

Using Encapsulation in Practice

Full Example

Why Encapsulation is Important

• Protects data
• Prevents invalid values
• Makes code safer
• Hides internal implementation

Common Mistakes

• Making everything public
• Not validating input
• Not using getters

Practice

Create a class BankAccount with a private balance. Use setter and getter to access it.

Need Help?